Bump-Mapping is a process of using a texture (typically called a [[Bump Map]]) to add higher complexity surface details to a mesh without increasing the complexity of the geometry itself, typically done through lighting.
A [[Bump Map|Bump Map Texture]] is one that is sampled not for the albedo of the output, but instead as a [[Normal Vector]] for the [[Fragment]] when being rendered, which leads to more pleasing / detialed lighting.
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It is important to note that Bump Mapping can be considered *legacy*, and most people now use [[Normal Mapping]].