A pointer argument to a function that is treated as an output for the function to write too. Output Parameters, while abundant in C, are discouraged in modern [[C++]], and should be replaced with a normal return unless absolutely necessary. ```cpp void square(int& result, int x) { result = x * x; } void main() { int x = 10; square(x, x); std::cout << x << std::endl; return 0; } ```