An emergant property that describes when a [[Wave]] can no longer be treated as a [[Ray]].
In this context, a beam of some wave (lets say, [[Electromagnetic Radiation|Light]]), is converted from being a *beam* and instead as a source radiating away from the hole in the wall.
>[!example] Diffraction Grating with 1 hole
>![[Diffraction .excalidraw.svg|300]]
>%%[[Diffraction .excalidraw.md|🖋 Edit in Excalidraw]]%%
![[Diffraction _0.excalidraw.svg]]
%%[[Diffraction _0.excalidraw.md|🖋 Edit in Excalidraw]]%%
$\begin{align}
\sin \theta &= \frac{\ell}{d} \\
\theta &\approx \frac{\ell}{d} \\
\ell &= \theta d \\
\frac{y}{L} &\approx \frac{\ell}{d}\\
y &= L \frac{\lambda}{2d} \\
\ell &= \frac{\lambda}{2} \\
\frac{y}{L} &\approx \frac{2\lambda}{d}
\end{align} $
$\huge y = L \frac{m\lambda}{2d}, m \in \Z $